Since 1979, it has also been known for its abundant volcanism literature. The plumes source is km 80 miles below the edge of ios disk, on the far side of the moon. Ios volcanoes are apparently due to heating of the satellite by tidal pumping. Ios interior is heated by a tugofwar between jupiter and the planets other big moons.
A bit larger than earths moon, io is the innermost of jupiters large satellites and the most volcanically active body in the solar system, with plumes of matter rising up to 186 miles 300 km above the surface. That heats ios interior enough to melt some of its rock. Scientists suggest the spot may be a new class of transient feature on the moon. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. Io moon simple english wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Io, the innermost of jupiters galilean moons, is in many ways a close twin. The composition of io is very different from the other icy satellites and suggests a certain path for ios evolution. The density of typical terrestrial iron is about 5, and that of silicate rock is about 3 gcm3, so the inside of io must be made out of rocky material and sulfur. Combined, scientists now think jupiter has 79 moons. The ground just around the volcanic vents is literally sizzling, but most of io s surface is 150 degrees or more below 0 c.
With a slight ellipsoid in shape, this moon has an orbital eccentricity of 0. Its larger than our own moon, is the most volcanically active object in the solar system with volcanoes that erupt liquid sulfur dioxide, and has a molten ironiron sulfide core due to the immense tidal heating associated with orbiting so closely to jupiter. An idea of the interior composition can be guessed from the density of io, which is about 3. Jupiters moon io is the most active volcanic natural satellite in our solar. Jupiter s fifth moon, io, is the most volcanically active body in the solar system. Io is locked so that the same hemisphere always faces the planet, just as the same hemisphere of our own moon always faces earth. Composition of io, jupiters moon windows to the universe. Io became the first place outside of earth known to have volcanic eruptions. Jupiters volcanic moon io may not have a magma ocean after all. This comprehensive volume summarises current understanding of the jovian system, in the light of recent scientific results from the galileo spacecraft, the galileo probe, the cassini spacecraft, the hubble space telescope, and numerous groundbased and theoretical studies. Io is slightly larger than earths moon, which is 3,475 kilometres 2,159 miles in diameter.
Jupiter s extensive system of natural satellites in particular the four large galilean moons io, europa, ganymede and callisto has been a common science fiction setting. Jun 10, 2010 a bit larger than earths moon, io is the innermost of jupiters large satellites and the most volcanically active body in the solar system, with plumes of matter rising up to 186 miles 300 km above the surface. The composition of io is very different from the other icy moons and suggests a certain path for ios history. It is the most volcanic body known, with lava flows, lava lakes, and giant calderas covering its sulfurous landscape. Only seven of saturn s moons are large enough for gravity to have made them spherical, and all but one are smaller than earth s moon. Jupiters rocky moon io is the most volcanically active world in the solar system, with hundreds of volcanoes, some erupting lava fountains dozens of miles or kilometers high. Io is the closest moon to jupiter and, at 2,263 miles across, is the second smallest of the galilean satellites. Planetary scientists found out it was a volcanic world in 1979 when the voyager 1 and 2 spacecraft flew by and captured the first upclose images. High school earth scienceouter planets wikibooks, open. Its mass is estimatedcalculated at being 89,319,379,731,108,900,000,000 kg. It is the thirteenth largest object in the whole solar system. Plumes of sulfur spew upward as high as 190 miles 300 kilometers.
Because of its position, it is subject to constant tidal flexing and heavy radiation from jupiter s magnetic field. Mar 21, 2012 the plume s source is km 80 miles below the edge of io s disk, on the far side of the moon. This global view of jupiters moon, io, was obtained during the tenth orbit of jupiter by nasas galileo spacecraft. Jupiters strange moon is literally bursting with volcanoes. Io is the most volcanically active body in the solar system.
Io and europa may be somewhat similar in bulk composition to the. Introduction jupiter s moon io is the most volcanically active world in the solar system, with hundreds of volcanoes, some erupting lava fountains dozens of miles or kilometers high. Nasa the carme group takes its name from the moon of the same name. The moon s negligible atmosphere traps little of the meager heat from the distant sun. This new basemap of jupiter s moon io was produced by combining the best images from both the voyager 1 and galileo missions.
Several of the books involve exploring and colonizing other planets. Io is named after one of zeus lovers, a naming convention used for many of jupiters moons zeus is. Aug 23, 2016 excerpted from the night sky, by richard grossinger. Assuming the orbit is circular, calculate the mass of jupiter. The air of io is mostly made of sulfur the interior is made of sulfur too. This is where the magnetosphere of io may come from the composition of io is very different from the other icy moons and suggests a certain path for ios history. Io is the fifth closest in of jupiters many moons and the closest large moon.
The air of io is roughly 90% sulfur, and 10% other simple atoms such as oxygen. Scientists discover strombolilike eruption on volcanic moon. It is the fourthlargest moon in the solar system, has the highest density of all of them, and has the lowest amount of water by atomic ratio of any known astronomical object in the solar system. Io is caught in a tugofwar between jupiter s massive gravity and the smaller but precisely timed pulls from two neighboring moons that orbit farther from.
In the greek myth, zeus turned her into a heifer in an attempt to hide her from his jealous wife, hera. Mountains arent the first thing that hit you when you look at images of jupiters innermost moon, io. It is also made of rocky material deep inside io is probably a core made of a metal such as iron. It is jupiters third biggest moon with a diameter of 3642 km, being slightly bigger than earths moon. It was discovered in 1610 by galileo galilei and was named after the mythological. Saturn s largest moon, titan, is about one and a half times the size of earth s moon and is also larger than the planet mercury.
Juice assessment study report yellow book, esa, 2012. Io surfacevery few, if any, impact cratersthin sulfurous mostly so2 atmosphere and white so2 frost. This tugofwar results in tidal bulging as great as 100 meters 330 feet on ios surface. As the jovian magnetosphere rotates, it sweeps past io and strips away about 1,000 kilograms 1 ton per second of volcanic gases and other materials. Hubble discovers bright new spot on io this pair of hubble images of jupiter s volcanic moon io shows the surprising emergence of a 320kilometer 200mile diameter, large yellowishwhite feature near the center of the moon s disk photo on the right. Episodes 109150 were first shown in the uk on the sci fi channel in 1996. Io is perturbed in its orbit by europa and ganymede, two other large satellites nearby, then pulled back again into its regular orbit by jupiter. Because of its position, it is subject to constant tidal flexing and heavy radiation from jupiters magnetic field. Something crazy happens to jupiters moon io for 2 hours. Io orbits closer to jupiter s cloud tops than the moon does to earth. Since it s discovery by galileo in 1610, it s been confusing and amazing scientists. Dozens of active vents pepper the landscape which also includes gigantic frosty plains, towering mountains and volcanic rings the size of california. Novel mountainbuilding mechanism on io may also have operated on early earth by diana lutz may 17, 2016.
This extreme activity is the result of jupiters powerful gravitational pull, which causes ios tormented solid crust to. Ganymede, the only moon in our solar system known to generate its own magnetic field. This places io within an intense radiation belt that bathes the satellite with energetic electrons, protons, and heavier ions. An active volcanic eruption on jupiters moon io, captured by nasas galileo spacecraft in false color. Io, moon of jupiter the solar system on sea and sky. The composition of these lavas and plumes remains uncertain.
Explore the significance of the home library, embellished with alluring photography and illustrations, in a keepsake worthy of any bibliophiles collection. Take your hr comms to the next level with prezi video. Active volcanism on io was discovered from observations by the voyager 1 spacecraft in 1979, confirming a possibility suggested from theoretical studies of io s orbit. Thirty years ago, before the voyager probes visited jupiter, if you had described io to a literary critic it would have been declared overwrought science fiction. There are many interesting moons orbiting the planet, but the ones of most scientific interest are the first four moons discovered beyond earththe galilean satellites.
Jupiters moon io is 778 million kilometers from the sun. Aug 14, 2018 jupiter s fifth moon, io, is the most volcanically active body in the solar system. My jupiter, the book hardcover january 1, 2007 by d. These four are io, europa, ganymede and callisto they are roughly the same size as earth s moon, some are a bit bigger, some are smaller. Planetary scientists found out it was a volcanic world in 1979 when the voyager 1 and 2 spacecraft flew by and captured the first upclose.
Its molten core is half as wide as the moon itself. Io is the most volcanically active body in the solar. Jupiters fifth moon, io, is the most volcanically active body in the solar system. Io is caught in a tugofwar between jupiters massive gravity and the smaller but precisely timed pulls from two neighboring moons that orbit farther from jupitereuropa and ganymede. Instead of drab craters as expected, io startled earth with vistas of flaky sulphuryellow sands that looked like a gigantic pizza from which volcanoes were actively shooting blue plumes as high as 200 miles into the air. Our knowledge of io s volcanism, composition, and space environment were significantly increased as a result of observations by the galileo spacecraft from 1996 through 2001. These four are io, europa, ganymede and callisto they are roughly the same size as earths moon, some are a bit bigger, some are smaller.
Deep inside io is probably a core made of a metal such as iron. The atmosphere is collapsed and trapped as surface ice for about two hours each day on io note. It starts with those that go around jupiter the fastest, or have the shortest orbital period. Io is the closest of the galilean satellites to jupiter. The innermost of jupiters four planetsized moons, io is also one of the most volcanically.
This galilean moon has a diameter of 2,996 miles and an orbital radius of about 1,170,042 miles. Composed primarily of silicate rock and iron, io is closer in bulk composition to the terrestrial planets than to other satellites in the. Made up of silicate rocks and iron, io has a radius of 1,1. It was discovered in the year 1610 by galileo galilei.
The new horizons spacecraft captured this view during a. Invision employees share their remote work secrets. Jupiters moon io eyeoh or eeoh is one of the most exotic places in the solar system. For the love of books gathers all of thatcher wines philosophy about books, curating and designing libraries into one volume. And io is the most volcanic and geologically active place known to man. Io s remarkable activity is the result of a tugofwar between jupiters powerful gravity and smaller but precisely timed pulls from two neighboring moons that orbit farther from jupiter europa and ganymede.
Jupiter moon is a science fiction soap opera television series first broadcast by british satellite broadcastings galaxy channel in 1990. Excerpted from the night sky, by richard grossinger. There was nothing to prepare earth for io, the first jovian world visited by voyager in 1979. Jupiter has 53 named moons and another 26 awaiting official names. The density of iron is about 5, and that of silicate rock is 3, so the inside of io must be made out of rocky material and sulfur. Mar 05, 2007 this comprehensive volume summarises current understanding of the jovian system, in the light of recent scientific results from the galileo spacecraft, the galileo probe, the cassini spacecraft, the hubble space telescope, and numerous groundbased and theoretical studies.
Mckinnon, william mckinnon cambridge university press, nov 8, 2004 science 719 pages. It has billowing volcanic geysers spewing sulfurous plumes to over 500 kilometers high. This pair of hubble images of jupiters volcanic moon io shows the surprising emergence of a 320kilometer 200mile diameter, large yellowishwhite feature near the center of the moons disk photo on the right. It s larger than our own moon, is the most volcanically active object in the solar system with volcanoes that erupt liquid sulfur dioxide, and has a molten ironiron sulfide core due to the immense tidal heating associated with orbiting so closely to jupiter. In the planets there is a highly sophisticated science fiction story about colonization of one of jupiters moons. The planet, satellites and magnetosphere, volume 2 fran bagenal, timothy e. Callisto jupiter iv callisto is the secondlargest moon of jupiter and thirdlargest moon in the solar system. Jun 10, 2015 this global view of jupiters moon, io, was obtained during the tenth orbit of jupiter by nasas galileo spacecraft. Jupiters rocky moon io is the most volcanically active world in the solar.
May 17, 2016 mountains arent the first thing that hit you when you look at images of jupiter s innermost moon, io. Plumes of sulfur spew upward as high as 190 miles 300. Chapters are written by leading authorities in the field and cover all aspects of jupiter, its satellites and magnetosphere. This is where the magnetosphere of io may come from. But as the other moons move past io, their gravity tugs at it, too.
It is often called the pizza moon because its colorful surface looks like a pizza pie. For a world dominated by fiery volcanoes, it s curious that io is also very, very cold. Squeezing out mountains, mathematically, on jupiters moon io. Ganymede is jupiters largest moon as well as the solar systems. The composition of this material is not yet entirely clear, but theories suggest that it is. For the love of books shares the vision of juniper books. Io, eyeoh or eeyoh, is the fifth of jupiter s moons and the third largest. But once you absorb the fact that the moon is slathered in sulfurous lava erupted from 400. Aug 03, 2016 the atmosphere is collapsed and trapped as surface ice for about two hours each day on io note. This is where the magnetosphere of io may come from the composition of io is very different from the other icy moons and suggests a certain path for io s history. The new horizons spacecraft captured this view during a flyby on march 1, 2007, while en route to. The end of the galileo mission in 2003 makes this an ideal time to summarize the new results in a book as no book has ever been written about jupiter. Except at its volcanic hot spots, ios surface temperature is well below freezing. Our knowledge of ios volcanism, composition, and space environment were.
Instruments aboard the space probe galileo measured infrared energy emitted by volcanic hot spots on the satellites surface. Io is home to two native races, the moronic balloon. Overview jupiter moons nasa solar system exploration. Callisto is tidally locked during rotation meaning that it orbits jupiter with the same hemisphere facing inwards making jupiter seemingly stands still in callistos sky. Jupiters moon io is known for its lava fountains and roiling lava lakes, but scientists had never seen such an intense eruption in. A new view of jupiters volcanic moon springer praxis. Ios very thin atmosphere is primarily sulfur dioxide, which on earth is sometimes used to preserve dried food.
Look for any good stories about exploration and settlement of the earths moon, or other planetsgalaxies. Europa, encrusted with saltstained ice that may hide a onceliving subterranean sea. The moon io history, geography, atmosphere, exploration. Introduction jupiters moon io is the most volcanically active world in the solar system, with hundreds of volcanoes, some erupting lava fountains dozens of miles or kilometers high. Despite its mainly rocky composition, europa has an icecovered. Io, which simmers with more than 100 active cauldrons and spews lava fountains some 5,000 feet high. Deep inside io is probably a core made of heavier metal elements such as iron. Since its discovery by galileo in 1610, its been confusing and amazing scientists.
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